Dr. Kroetz is interested in identifying genetic predictors of drug response and toxicity. Current studies are focused on taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer, bevacizumab-related hypertension in colorectal cancer patients and immune non-responders in African cohorts of HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy. Genome-wide association studies and exome sequencing are used to identify genetic variants and genomic regions associated with these drug response phenotypes. Novel genes are functionally characterized using cell culture and model organisms to understand the molecular basis for observed clinical associations.